Android-Arduino Communication System

humanoid-Arduino Communication schemeROBOTIC CONTROL WITH ANDROID PC USING X-BEET.M.SirishJ.R.SURESH babooAbstract The paper is concerned with the Android-Arduino communication and Computer communication by integrating mobile vagabond golems with X-Bee communication protocol. Arduino controls parturiencys such as parapet and collision avoidances following, autonomously movement, and indoor localization of group robots ar utilize toward an autonomously control of robot. Mobile robotics is a technology and a research argona where we witness tremendable advances for the last decades and it finds performance in areas like agriculture, medical services, hazard environments, space explo-ration, military, intelligent transportation, social robotics, and entertainment. XBees bequeath wireless communication. As a placement, the advantages are very obvious compared with other technology.Keywords X-Bee, Adruino, Android, IR, inaudibleI. INTRODUCTIONRobots may interact in the ali ke(p) location as drillrs control them from any place in the world using meshing and wireless networks for this purpose. Sensor found approach physical exertions various kinds of demodulators such as IR sensing elements and ultrasonic sensors.IR sensors are generally utilise for measuring the difference in reflectivity of surfaces depending on the properties like color, roughness. Ultrasonic sensors are utilise to measure the distance to an object. Robots are built to navigate using these out puts according to the application. The sentiment is to visualise the Sensor platform with accurate angle control this continuously collects the distance data in an automatic way where the Robot is controlled by Android app and transfer ultrasonic sensor data to PC. An thinking is to build an actual robot that is subject to wireless operation from a PC or a Android. It reads sensor and robot data from file and to Generate map of surrounding environment. Robots are capable of interacti ng with the objects. The design in this paper comprises of the chassis will also house the PCB and proximity sensors that will continually provide feedback to the user. Proximity sensors are able to assist the operator in navigating across inhibiting terrain even if communication amour with the operator is broken. Robot automatically stops if it detects an obstacle. Due to the Android and Arduino combination, the robot hind end interact with the someone and provide an palmy development platform for future improvement. The paper1,2 deals with the route navigation and the Application of Zigbee and 3,4,5 and 6 emphasis task scheduling on low cost arduino and distance measuring sensors.II. PRINCIPLE OF WORKING receiving set sensor network system will not only reduce the system cost in name of facilities setup and labor cost. It also provides flexibility in system in term of distance or location. The fundamental design and implementation of ultrasonic sensor based robot on Android/P C featuring a XBee based technology1 The developed platform is cost-effective and as well as the effect on reducing energy exercise. The platform consists the components Android phone, Arduino mega adk, Motor Driver screen, ultrasonic sensor5, IR sensor and Xbee module. It features the Atmega16U2 programmed as a USB-to-serial converter. The Arduino programming is very simple uses its own language based on the popular C high level programming language and supports all standard C and some C++ functions. The operating(a) voltage of the plug-in is 6 to 20 volts. The recommended range is 7 to 12 volts. This is designed to control a robot with an aid of Android application6. Xbee is interfaced to the control the robot using android application. Where one end of xbee is interfaced with android application which is used to transmit the commands and receiver end robot is attached which is used to control in all directions.Figure 1 Arduino Mega adkOperating voltage9-12 voltsIR barf6cmUltr asonic Range3 cmDegree of rotation180 degreeCommunication frequency2.4 GhzTable 1 SpecificationsIII. HARDWARE ARCHITECTUREX-beeThe X-bee modules allow serial links of TTL signals on distances of 30m indoors, 100m outdoors with line of sight which would be enough to control the electronic wheelchair. IEEE 802.15.4 standard for Zigbee operates in the band ISM (Industrial Scientific and Medical), 868 MHz in Europe, 915 MHz in the U.S. and Australia, and 2.4 GHz in roughly jurisdictions around the world2. This technology is simpler, cheaper and has lower power consumption than other WPANs such as Bluetooth. The problem is to the need to detect the obstacle in the path of the robot, to intelligence and find alternative paths of the robot.Figure 2. XBeeThe Ping which works by sending out a ebullition of ultrasound to detect the closest object and listens to the echo after hitting the object. The short pulse from the Arduino board is send to trigger the detection, and then listens for a pulse on the same pin using the pulse. The randomness pulse duration is e the time taken by the ultrasound to travel to the object which is commensurate to the time taken to travel back to the sensor4. This time can be converted to distance by the velocity of light. We use IR transceiver and comparator IC LM324 for detecting the obstacle. The component deals with two major issues. They are as follows1. It avoids the collisions with walls and other obstacles.2. It avoids the prototype be fallen down from the steps on its way.Figure 3. Ultrasonic Range FinderB AndroidAndroid is a Linux based Open Source operating system developed by Google to power smart phones. In order to provide productive application development, applications can be developed using Java and easily tested and deployed to contrivances with Android. Development can be through with(p) with a simulator or with real devices. Using Android Application Programming Interface (API) features a fecund ground of options for robot developers. Programming by commands commonly feature for robots, works seamlessly on Android. Using Androids API, a programmer can make his robot to act. Androids API also offers easy access to camera and orientation sensors. Some devices have only accelerometer, while other have accelerometer and compass, and others gyroscopes. The same orientation function calls can be used to query these sensors, independently of the device. One limitation that most mobile phones dont have a USB Host port, so no USB accessories such as mice can be connected to them. To bypass this limitation, Open Accessory API allows accessories to be the USB Host. This allows external custom hardware to interact with Android programs. Navigation of a mobile robot in an unknown environment is contingent by sensors which obtain the schooling of surrounding environment. For effective communication between mobile robots we need to use some sensors. Therefore mobile phone sensors can be categorised such as the Sensors used for collecting information about environment, for communication between mobile robots, for collecting information and also for communication5.IV. patternThe Android application makes it effective to Control a robotic vehicle which is interfaced to the control unit on the robot for sensing the signals transmitted by the Android application. With an aid of the smart-phone/PC with Android OS, upon a GUI based touch screen operation the Remote operation is achieved6. At the Transmitting end, it uses an Android application device remote through which commands are transmitted and at the receiver end, the directions such as forward, backward and left or right are controlled by the commands from the Android by the user end which are used for controlling the robot. The movement is achieved by motor shield that is interfaced to the Arduino. Serial communication data sent from the android application is received by a Zigbee receiver interfaced to the Arduino.Figure 4. Bl ock diagram of communicationThe shield for Arduino has the DC Motor interface. The interface is built around the L293DC Motor driver IC. It has a obstacle sensor to detect within 6cm range. If IR is used, we can be able to detect the obstacle. The interfaces have to be selected with the jumper. The obstacle sensor is an IR sensor which is used for detecting the obstacles and acts in impulsion to safeguard. In ultrasonic sensor, we use ping function which detects the distance of the closest object in front of the sensor and sends the data to the mobile. To phlebotomise the DC motor, enable line be high, set I1 line to High and I2 line to Low which rotates in one direction and set I1 line to, low and I2 line to High which rotates in another direction1.V. coming(prenominal) WORKExtensions of our current work include an extension to camera implementation which will be usable for deploying sensor networks in large areas.VI. CONCLUSIONThe system is highly flexible and scalable and can be expanded to other applications. On the software side, our Android application ensures that the system enables energy saving, and can apprize task scheduling with both instantaneous power and cost considerations. Our future work includes the implementation of redundant applications, the refinement of our implementation, especially with regard to communication and possibly porting our network stack to other platforms.AcknowledgmentI am very grateful to my guide Mr.J.Sureshbabu, Scientist-B, National Institute of Electronics Information Technology(NIELIT),Chennai who provided us with effective information regarding the functioning of System.I also extend our sincere thanks to all those people who have helped us successfully design and implement this system.REFERENCES1 Route Navigation System in ZigBee-Based Sensor Networks Li Wenze Sch. of Inf. Telecommunication., Beijing Univ. of Posts Telecommunication, BeijinChina Han Yufen KangGuixiaSunJing Wireless Communications, Networ king and Mobile Computing, 2009. WiCom 09. 5th International Conference bejing on 24-26 Sept. 2009 .2 Applicability of ZigBee for Real-Time Networked Motor Control Systems Ulugbek R. 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